What is Nail Fungus?
Nail fungus, or onychomycosis, is a common infection of the toenails caused by fungi that thrive in warm, moist environments. It often begins as a small white or yellow spot under the nail and may progress to affect the entire nail if untreated.
Over time, nail fungus can cause:
- Thickened or brittle nails
- Discoloration (yellow, brown, or white)
- Crumbly, distorted nail shape
- Separation of the nail from the nail bed (onycholysis)
- Discomfort or embarrassment due to nail appearance
Diagnosis and Treatment
Because nail changes can sometimes resemble other conditions (such as psoriasis or trauma), a podiatrist will examine the nail and, if needed, obtain a sample for laboratory testing to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment may include one or more of the following:
- Oral antifungal medications. Prescribed for more extensive infections, these medications can help clear the fungus from the inside out.
- Debridement. Trimming and thinning of the infected nail can relieve discomfort and enhance the effectiveness of topical treatments.
- Nail fungus can be stubborn and may take several months to fully resolve. Ongoing follow-up and proper foot hygiene are essential to reducing recurrence.