What are Bunions and Hammertoes?
Bunions and hammertoes are common foot deformities that can cause pain, difficulty walking, and challenges with footwear.
Bunions (hallux valgus) are a bony bump that forms on the side of the big toe joint. Over time, the big toe drifts toward the second toe, altering the alignment of the forefoot. This condition often results from inherited foot structure, abnormal foot mechanics, or prolonged use of ill-fitting shoes.
Hammertoes occur when one or more of the smaller toes bend abnormally at the middle joint, creating a claw-like or hammer-like appearance. They may be flexible at first but can become rigid over time if not treated.
People with bunions or hammertoes may experience:
- Pain or tenderness around the affected joint(s)
- Swelling and redness
- Corns or calluses where the toes rub against footwear
- Restricted or painful motion of the toe
- Difficulty finding comfortable shoes
Non Surgical Treatment
- Initial treatment is focused on reducing discomfort and preventing progression. Options may include:
- Proper footwear. Shoes with a wide toe box and low heels can help relieve pressure.
- Padding and taping. Protective pads or toe taping can minimize friction and relieve pain.
- Orthotic devices. Custom inserts may correct underlying biomechanical issues and reduce stress on the toes.
- Medications. NSAIDs can help reduce pain and inflammation.
- Physical therapy. Stretching and strengthening exercises can help maintain flexibility and prevent worsening deformity.
When Is Surgery Needed?
If pain persists or the deformity significantly interferes with daily activities despite conservative care, surgery may be recommended.
Procedures vary depending on severity but typically aim to realign the toe, relieve pain, and restore function. The doctors at San Diego Podiatry Group will recommend the most appropriate procedure tailored to your lifestyle and goals.